The specific role for this symposium is to bring together the scientists and surgeons in this particular field to review the current situation and draw up directions for future developments and to stimulate more research. The contributors of this multi-disciplinary symposium presented their experience and thoughts on the assigned topics within one of the five subsections dealing with the fundamental principles, the in-vitro properties, the in-vivo responses, clinical applications and future perspective Each subsection was followed by discussion and the final session of round table discussion provided a general and free communication among the participants and the speakers.

The symposium accomplished several important objectives. The biological, mechanical and clinical prerequisites of the biodegradable implants have been defined; the effects of different manufacturing processes are presented; recent advances in the understanding of biodegradation and bioabsorption of the polymers with respect to bone fracture fixation are addressed; the biological responses are clarified; and the long term results in laboratory and clinical experiences are shown. Preliminary reports on the new designs, extended applications and perspective mark the future research directions.